Crested ibis | |
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Endangered (IUCN 3.1)[1] | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Pelecaniformes |
Family: | Threskiornithidae |
Genus: | Nipponia Reichenbach, 1850 |
Species: | |
Binomial name | |
Nipponia nippon (Temminck, 1835) | |
Synonyms[2] | |
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The crested ibis (Nipponia nippon), also known as the Japanese crested ibis, Asian crested ibis or toki, is a large (up to 78.5 cm (30.9 in) long), white-plumaged ibis of pine forests, native to eastern Asia. Its head is partially bare, showing red skin, and it has a dense crest of white plumes on the nape. It is the only member of the genusNipponia.
2017 Feb 1;3(2):256-259. Doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.3015. Authors Patricia Gaule 1, James W Smithy 1, Maria Toki 1, Jamaal Rehman 1, Farah Patell-Socha 2, Delphine Cougot 2, Philippe Collin 2, Paul Morrill 2, Veronique Neumeister 1, David L Rimm 1. Dethklok is a fictional melodic death metal band featured in the Adult Swim animated television series Metalocalypse. The first official Dethklok album was released on September 25, 2007, entitled The Dethalbum. The album debuted at number 21 on Billboard Magazine 's Top 200 list. The band released Dethalbum II on September 29, 2009,.
Breeding[edit]
They make their nests at the tops of trees on hills usually overlooking their habitat.
Diet[edit]
Crested ibises usually eat frogs, small fish, and small animals.
Distribution[edit]
At one time, the crested ibis nested in the Russian Far East, Japan, and Mainland China, and was a non-breeding visitor to the Korean Peninsula and Taiwan. It has now disappeared from most of its former range, and the only natural (non-reintroduced) population occurs in Shaanxi, China.[1]
Conservation[edit]
The last wild crested ibis in Japan died in October 2003, with the remaining wild population found only in Shaanxi Province of China, until the reintroduction of captive bred birds back into Japan in 2008. They were previously thought to be extinct in China as well, until their rediscovery in 1981.Extensive captive breeding programs have been developed by Japan and China to conserve the species. They are on China's State Protection List. In 2002, there were a total of 130 colonies in China. Northwest Shaanxi province's research center has a history of 26 crested ibis fledglings including artificial and natural incubation. On July 31, 2002, five out of seven crested ibis chicks hatched at an incubation center in northwest Shaanxi province. This was the highest ever recorded number of chicks that hatched.[3] The parents of the chicks were chosen from 60 ibis pairs raised at that research center.[4]
Crested ibis near Crested Ibis Conservation Center on Sado Island
Ongoing habitat loss, small population size, limited range, winter starvation and persecution[clarification needed] in the 20th century brought the endangered species to the brink of extinction. The crested ibis has been listed in Appendix I of the conservation treaty CITES. Messenger win 10.
The London Zoo had crested ibises from 1872 until 1873. Outside China, only Japan and South Korea keep the species.[citation needed]
Reintroductions[edit]
Japan[edit]
On September 25, 2008, the Sado Japanese Crested Ibis Preservation Center released 10 of the birds as part of its crested ibis restoration program, which aims to introduce 60 ibises into the wild by 2015. This marks the first time the bird has returned to the Japanese wild since 1981.[5]
On April 23, 2012, it was confirmed that three crested ibis chicks had hatched on Sado Island in Niigata Prefecture, the first time chicks had hatched in the wild in Japan in 36 years.[6] One of the baby chicks briefly left its nest on 25 May.[7]
South Korea[edit]
On the Korean Peninsula, the bird has not been present since it was last seen in 1979 near the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). South Korea made efforts to restore the species after former Chinese President Hu Jintao delivered a pair of the birds as a present during a South Korea–China summit in 2008, and President Xi Jinping presented another pair in 2013. The restoration center in Changnyeong has bred more than 360 crested ibises so far. The South Korean government has released dozens of crested ibises into the wild to promote its efforts to preserve biological diversity.[8]
See also[edit]
- List of Special Places of Scenic Beauty, Special Historic Sites and Special Natural Monuments – the crested ibis is listed
References[edit]
Toki123
- ^ abBirdLife International (2018). 'Nipponia nippon'. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22697548A132069229. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22697548A132069229.en.
- ^R.W.R.J. Dekker; E.C. Dickinson; Hiroyuki Morioka (2001). 'Systematic notes on Asian birds. 18. Some nomenclatural issues relating to Japanese taxa described in the Planches Coloriées (1820-1839) and Fauna Japonica, Aves (1844-1850)'. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden. 335 (10.xii.2001): 199–214.
- ^'China Sets New Records for Breeding Japanese Crested Ibis'. 31 July 2002.
- ^Mie, Ayako (8 May 2012). 'Efforts to save Japanese crested ibis take flight'. Japan Times.
- ^'Wild ibises in Japan for first time since 1981'. 25 September 2008. Archived from the original on 25 September 2008.
- ^'Crested ibis chicks hatched in wild'. The Japan Times Online. 23 April 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- ^Jiji, Kyodo (26 May 2012). 'Wild crested ibis chick leaves nest, becoming first to do so in 38 years'. Japan Times. p. 1.
- ^'韩国将人工繁殖的40只朱鹮放归大自然'.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Nipponia nippon (category) |
Tokina 11 16mm
Wikispecies has information related to Nipponia nippon. |
- 'Nipponia nippon'. Avibase.
- 'Japanese crested ibis media'. Internet Bird Collection.
- Crested ibis photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
- Interactive range map of Nipponia nippon at IUCN Red List maps
- Audio recordings of Crested ibis on Xeno-canto.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crested_ibis&oldid=1044240628'
遙かなる時空の中で3
Title | Harukanaru Toki no Naka De 3 |
Original title | 遙かなる時空の中で3 |
Aliases | Haruka 3, Within the Expanse of a Distant Time 3 |
Developer | Koei & Koei Tecmo |
Publishers | Koei & Koei Tecmo |
Relations |
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Links | Wikipedia (en), Wikipedia (ja), Wikidata, VGMdb, IGDB |
Shops | » US$ 234.99 @ PlayAsia (bundle) » US$ 35.99 @ PlayAsia (bundle) » US$ 96.99 @ PlayAsia (bundle) |
Related anime | [DB-ANN] Harukanaru Toki no Naka de 3: Kurenai no Tsuki (TV Special, 2007) [DB-ANN] Harukanaru Toki no Naka de 3: Owarinaki Unmei (TV Special, 2010) |
DescriptionOne rainy day Nozomi Kasuga and her two friends encounter a strange boy at their high school, who sends them hurtling across time and space to a place in another world called Kyō. This place bears a strong resemblance to Kyoto at the end of the Heian period, where the Minamoto clan (Genji), led by Minamoto no Yoritomo (based on the historical Minamoto no Yoritomo), is at war with the Taira clan (Heike), led by Taira no Kiyomori (based on the historical Taira no Kiyomori). The Heike hope to defeat the Genji by releasing vengeful spirits to disturb the Earth's natural flow of energies and to terrorize the land. The boy that Nozomi met is revealed to be the human form of Hakuryū, the White Dragon God said to protect Kyō, whose powers have greatly weakened due to the presence of the onryō. Nozomi discovers that she has the power to seal the onryō as Hakuryū no Miko, and she allies herself with the Genji in order to seal the onryō, restore Hakuryū's powers, and return home to her own world. [From Wikipedia] |